MTA Dergisi 78:44–50Īrpat E, Saroglu F (1975) Turkiye’deki Bazı Onemli Genç Tektonik Olaylar. Geophys J 96:311–333Īrpat E, Saroglu F (1972) Dogu Anadolu Fayı ile ilgili Bazı Gozlemler. In: Seventh international conference on case histories in geotechnical engineering, 29 April–4 May, ChicagoĪmbrasseys NN (1989) Temporary seismic quiescence, SE Turkey. Accessed Īllahverdi N, Nasri V (2013) Three dimensional numerical analysis for soft ground tunneling. The tunnel conditions are highly complex, and thus it is an interesting case for tunnel engineers.ĪFAD (2018) Türkiye Deprem Haritası. The analyses show that the last 600 m of the tunnel has a potential landslide hazard and some additional measures should be considered along this part to ensure tunnel safety. Therefore, the present study investigates the TBM tunnelling–landslide relationship by employing 3D numerical analyses. For this reason, mitigating the potential landslide hazard is critical for the tunnel. The tunnel route locates in the East Anatolian Fault Zone and the portal region is composed of debris and old landslide deposits. This twin tubes tunnels are approximately 10 km in length, and they are excavated using tunnel boring machines (TBM). In Turkey, the longest railway tunnels, the Bahce–Nurdag high-speed rail tunnels, are under construction in the southern part of the country. Among existing transportation systems, railway is one of the most economic and fast systems, and therefore, there has been an increase in new railway constructions in recent years.
Owing to the increase in population, transportation has become one of the major research topics.